This curriculum spans the technical and operational rigor of a multi-phase cloud migration advisory engagement, covering discovery, governance, and automation practices equivalent to those executed across enterprise hybrid environments during large-scale cloud transformations.
Module 1: Assessing Current-State Infrastructure and Workload Dependencies
- Conducting inventory audits of on-premises servers, including identification of legacy applications incompatible with cloud-native services.
- Mapping interdependencies between applications, databases, and network services using traffic flow analysis and dependency discovery tools.
- Determining data residency requirements based on regulatory obligations such as GDPR, HIPAA, or PCI-DSS.
- Classifying workloads by criticality, performance sensitivity, and migration feasibility to prioritize migration order.
- Engaging application owners to validate ownership, update cycles, and acceptable downtime windows.
- Documenting technical debt in existing systems that may hinder lift-and-shift or require refactoring prior to migration.
Module 2: Designing Cloud Landing Zones and Multi-Account Strategies
- Structuring AWS Organizations or Azure Management Groups to enforce separation of environments (e.g., dev, test, prod).
- Implementing identity federation using SAML 2.0 or OpenID Connect to integrate with existing enterprise directories.
- Defining network topology with centralized transit gateways or hubs to manage cross-account and hybrid connectivity.
- Allocating account roles (logging, audit, shared services) and establishing cross-account IAM roles with least privilege.
- Enforcing tagging standards at account creation to support cost allocation and resource governance.
- Configuring centralized DNS and private hosted zones to maintain consistent internal naming across environments.
Module 3: Establishing Governance, Compliance, and Security Baselines
- Deploying configuration compliance tools like AWS Config or Azure Policy to enforce encryption, logging, and access rules.
- Implementing automated remediation workflows for non-compliant resources using Lambda or Logic Apps.
- Setting up centralized logging with ingestion pipelines into SIEM systems using CloudTrail, VPC Flow Logs, and Azure Monitor.
- Defining data classification policies and applying encryption by default using KMS or Azure Key Vault with customer-managed keys.
- Conducting periodic access reviews to remove stale IAM users, roles, and service principals.
- Integrating cloud environments with existing GRC platforms for audit trail continuity and evidence collection.
Module 4: Migrating Workloads Using Appropriate Modernization Patterns
- Selecting between rehost, refactor, rearchitect, or replace strategies based on application architecture and business timelines.
- Executing database migrations using AWS DMS or Azure Database Migration Service with minimal downtime cutover planning.
- Containerizing monolithic applications using Docker and orchestrating with EKS or AKS to improve scalability.
- Refactoring stateful applications to use managed services such as RDS or Azure SQL to reduce operational overhead.
- Testing failover procedures during migration using blue-green deployment patterns in production-like environments.
- Validating application performance post-migration against baseline metrics from on-premises operations.
Module 5: Managing Cloud Costs and Resource Optimization
- Implementing cost allocation tags across all resources and validating enforcement through automated checks.
- Right-sizing virtual machines based on utilization metrics from CloudWatch or Azure Metrics Advisor.
- Negotiating Reserved Instances or Savings Plans after analyzing usage trends over a 90-day period.
- Setting up budget alerts and anomaly detection using Cost Explorer or Azure Cost Management.
- Automating start/stop schedules for non-production workloads using Lambda or Azure Automation.
- Identifying and decommissioning orphaned resources such as unattached disks, unused IP addresses, or stale snapshots.
Module 6: Operating Hybrid and Multi-Cloud Connectivity
- Designing redundant site-to-site VPN or Direct Connect/ExpressRoute circuits for high availability.
- Configuring BGP routing policies to control traffic paths between on-premises and cloud VPCs/VNets.
- Implementing DNS forwarding rules to resolve on-premises resources from cloud workloads and vice versa.
- Enforcing segmentation using network security groups and firewalls to prevent lateral movement across environments.
- Monitoring latency and throughput across hybrid links to identify bottlenecks affecting application performance.
- Planning for failback procedures in case of cloud region outages or service degradation.
Module 7: Implementing Observability and Incident Response in Cloud Environments
- Deploying distributed tracing for microservices using AWS X-Ray or Azure Application Insights.
- Correlating logs, metrics, and traces in a centralized observability platform for root cause analysis.
- Defining SLOs and error budgets for critical services to guide incident prioritization and postmortems.
- Configuring automated alerting based on dynamic thresholds rather than static values to reduce noise.
- Integrating cloud-native monitoring tools with existing ITSM platforms like ServiceNow for incident ticketing.
- Conducting tabletop exercises to validate cloud-specific incident response playbooks, including account compromise scenarios.
Module 8: Scaling Automation and Infrastructure as Code Practices
- Standardizing infrastructure provisioning using Terraform or AWS CloudFormation with version-controlled templates.
- Implementing CI/CD pipelines for IaC that include linting, security scanning, and peer review gates.
- Managing state files securely using remote backends with access controls and audit logging.
- Creating reusable modules for common patterns like VPCs, IAM roles, and Kubernetes clusters.
- Enforcing drift detection and reconciliation processes to maintain environment consistency.
- Automating compliance validation within deployment pipelines using policy-as-code frameworks like Open Policy Agent.