This curriculum spans the breadth of a multi-workshop organizational modeling initiative, covering the technical, social, and governance aspects of building and deploying systems models in real-world decision-making contexts.
Module 1: Foundations of Systems Thinking and Modelling
- Selecting between hard and soft systems methodologies based on stakeholder consensus and problem ambiguity in organizational redesign initiatives.
- Defining system boundaries when modeling interdepartmental workflows, balancing comprehensiveness with model manageability.
- Choosing causal loop diagrams versus stock-and-flow models based on whether feedback dynamics or accumulation behaviors are central to the issue.
- Documenting mental models of key stakeholders to expose assumptions before constructing formal system representations.
- Deciding when to model qualitative influences (e.g., trust, morale) as semi-quantitative variables in feedback loops.
- Establishing model purpose early—whether for insight, prediction, or stakeholder alignment—to guide modeling depth and validation criteria.
Module 2: Problem Structuring and Stakeholder Engagement
- Facilitating cross-functional workshops using rich pictures to capture divergent views of a supply chain disruption.
- Mapping power and interest of stakeholders to determine whose mental models require formal integration into the system diagram.
- Resolving conflicting problem definitions among departments by co-creating a shared problem statement before modeling begins.
- Using boundary critique to challenge whose interests are included or excluded in a public policy simulation model.
- Deciding when to use nominal group technique versus open dialogue to structure input in politically sensitive modeling projects.
- Integrating qualitative interview data into causal loop diagrams without oversimplifying complex social dynamics.
Module 3: Causal Loop Diagramming and Feedback Analysis
- Identifying dominant feedback loops in a customer retention model to prioritize intervention points.
- Distinguishing between reinforcing and balancing loops in workforce attrition models where multiple loops interact.
- Labeling link polarities in causal loops when intermediate variables are implicit or contested by stakeholders.
- Managing model complexity by clustering variables into aggregates (e.g., "market confidence") without losing explanatory power.
- Validating loop structures with historical data or expert judgment when quantitative calibration is not feasible.
- Communicating delay effects in feedback loops to decision-makers who expect immediate results from policy changes.
Module 4: Stock-and-Flow Modeling and Dynamic Simulation
- Defining stock units (e.g., full-time equivalents, backlog items) to ensure dimensional consistency in workforce planning models.
- Specifying inflow and outflow structures for a product inventory model under intermittent supply disruptions.
- Calibrating model parameters using historical throughput data when expert estimates are unreliable.
- Implementing nonlinear functions (e.g., saturation effects) in adoption curves for new technology rollout simulations.
- Testing model behavior under extreme conditions (e.g., zero hiring, sudden demand spike) to expose structural flaws.
- Using sensitivity analysis to identify which parameters (e.g., training duration, attrition rate) most affect long-term outcomes.
Module 5: Model Validation and Confidence Building
- Conducting extreme condition tests to verify that model behavior remains plausible under implausible inputs.
- Comparing model outputs with historical trends to assess face validity in organizational change scenarios.
- Using behavior pattern tests to check if the model reproduces known cycles (e.g., boom-bust in project staffing).
- Documenting structural assumptions (e.g., fixed delay times) that limit model applicability to specific contexts.
- Engaging skeptics in model walkthroughs to address concerns about omitted variables or oversimplified relationships.
- Deciding when to halt refinement based on diminishing returns in predictive accuracy versus stakeholder understanding.
Module 6: Scenario Planning and Policy Testing
- Designing policy levers (e.g., hiring caps, training investment) as adjustable parameters in a talent development model.
- Running comparative simulations to evaluate the long-term impact of centralized versus decentralized decision-making.
- Assessing unintended consequences of a new incentive scheme in a sales performance model over a 36-month horizon.
- Communicating trade-offs between short-term cost savings and long-term system resilience in infrastructure investment models.
- Using simulation results to identify policy resistance mechanisms, such as delayed feedback or goal erosion.
- Structuring scenario narratives around exogenous shocks (e.g., regulatory change) to test adaptive capacity of the system.
Module 7: Integration with Organizational Decision Processes
- Embedding system model outputs into existing management reporting dashboards without distorting interpretation.
- Training operational managers to interpret simulation results without requiring modeling software proficiency.
- Establishing review cycles to update models when organizational structure or key metrics change.
- Negotiating data access for model calibration when departments treat performance metrics as confidential.
- Defining ownership roles for model maintenance when multiple units rely on a shared supply chain simulation.
- Archiving model versions and assumptions to support auditability and institutional memory.
Module 8: Ethical and Governance Dimensions of Systems Modelling
- Disclosing model limitations when presenting simulation outcomes to executive decision-makers under time pressure.
- Assessing whether a model reinforces existing power structures by privileging quantifiable over qualitative outcomes.
- Managing consent and anonymity when incorporating individual performance data into organizational models.
- Documenting assumptions about human behavior (e.g., rationality, compliance) that may embed bias into policy recommendations.
- Resisting pressure to adjust model parameters to align with pre-determined strategic outcomes.
- Establishing review protocols for models used in high-stakes decisions, such as workforce reduction or service closures.