This curriculum spans the technical and operational complexity of a multi-workshop program focused on building and maintaining enterprise-grade web mining systems, comparable to internal capability initiatives for large-scale data acquisition and monitoring.
Module 1: Foundations of Web Mining Infrastructure
- Select and configure distributed crawling frameworks such as Apache Nutch or Scrapy-Redis based on seed URL volume and politeness constraints.
- Implement robots.txt compliance checks in real-time during crawl execution to avoid legal and operational risks.
- Design URL normalization rules to eliminate duplicates from dynamic parameters (e.g., session IDs, tracking tags).
- Configure crawl delays and request throttling per domain to balance data freshness with server load.
- Deploy containerized crawlers using Docker and Kubernetes for scalable, fault-tolerant execution across regions.
- Integrate proxy rotation and CAPTCHA handling mechanisms to manage IP blocking in large-scale scraping operations.
- Establish logging and monitoring pipelines to track crawl depth, HTTP status codes, and throughput metrics.
- Define data retention policies for raw crawled content to comply with privacy regulations like GDPR.
Module 2: Data Extraction and Parsing Techniques
- Develop XPath and CSS selector strategies to extract structured content from heterogeneous HTML layouts.
- Implement resilient parsing logic to handle malformed HTML using libraries like BeautifulSoup or lxml with fallback mechanisms.
- Use regex and NLP-based heuristics to detect and extract microdata, JSON-LD, and RDFa schema annotations.
- Build adaptive template systems for sites with dynamic DOM structures using machine learning classifiers.
- Extract tabular data from HTML tables while preserving context, headers, and data types.
- Handle JavaScript-rendered content by integrating headless browsers like Puppeteer or Playwright with resource constraints.
- Validate extracted fields against domain-specific ontologies to ensure semantic consistency.
- Design incremental extraction workflows that detect and process only changed content on revisits.
Module 3: Web Content Classification and Clustering
- Train text classifiers to categorize web pages into domains (e.g., news, e-commerce, forums) using TF-IDF and BERT embeddings.
- Apply topic modeling with LDA or NMF to discover latent themes in large document corpora.
- Implement near-duplicate detection using MinHash and Locality-Sensitive Hashing (LSH) on document shingles.
- Configure clustering pipelines to group similar product listings across marketplaces for price comparison.
- Select preprocessing steps (stopword removal, stemming, entity masking) based on downstream task requirements.
- Balance precision and recall in spam detection models trained on user-generated content.
- Deploy active learning loops to reduce labeling effort in classification workflows.
- Monitor concept drift in classifier performance due to evolving website content patterns.
Module 4: Link and Network Analysis
- Construct site-level and page-level link graphs from anchor text and hyperlink data for centrality analysis.
- Compute PageRank and HITS (Hubs and Authorities) scores to identify influential domains or pages.
- Detect link spam and manipulative SEO practices using structural anomalies in the backlink graph.
- Integrate external link data from APIs like Ahrefs or Majestic for competitive intelligence.
- Apply community detection algorithms to uncover clusters of interlinked websites (e.g., blog networks).
- Model referral traffic patterns using weighted directed graphs derived from analytics data.
- Enforce rate limits and authentication when querying third-party link databases to avoid service bans.
- Visualize large-scale web graphs using force-directed layouts with edge bundling for clarity.
Module 5: Social Media and User-Generated Content Mining
- Access social media platforms via REST and streaming APIs under rate limits and data use policies.
- Extract and normalize user metadata (location, bio, follower count) while respecting privacy settings.
- Perform sentiment analysis on social posts using fine-tuned transformer models with domain adaptation.
- Identify trending topics using time-series analysis of hashtag and keyword frequencies.
- Detect bot accounts through behavioral patterns such as posting frequency, content similarity, and network structure.
- Map influence networks by analyzing retweet, mention, and reply patterns.
- Apply geospatial clustering to location-tagged posts for regional trend analysis.
- Implement real-time filtering of social streams using keyword and language-based rules.
Module 6: Web Usage and Session Mining
- Parse server log files to reconstruct user sessions using time-out and IP-user agent heuristics.
- Define session boundaries based on business logic (e.g., checkout completion, login/logout events).
- Transform clickstream data into sequences for Markov chain or RNN-based path prediction.
- Identify common navigation patterns using sequential pattern mining algorithms like PrefixSpan.
- Calculate bounce rate, time-on-site, and conversion funnels from session logs.
- Integrate client-side tracking data (e.g., Google Analytics, Snowplow) with server logs for completeness.
- Handle anonymized or aggregated usage data under privacy-preserving constraints.
- Build real-time dashboards to monitor user behavior anomalies and traffic spikes.
Module 7: Legal, Ethical, and Compliance Considerations
- Conduct legal risk assessments for scraping public vs. authenticated or paywalled content.
- Implement data minimization practices to collect only fields necessary for analysis.
- Respond to cease-and-desist notices by auditing crawl logs and adjusting scraping behavior.
- Establish data provenance tracking to document source URLs, timestamps, and extraction methods.
- Perform DPIA (Data Protection Impact Assessments) when processing personal data from forums or reviews.
- Obtain API keys and adhere to Terms of Service for commercial data providers.
- Design opt-out mechanisms for website owners to exclude their domains from crawling.
- Archive legal documentation and compliance records for audit readiness.
Module 8: Scalable Data Storage and Processing
- Choose between document (MongoDB), columnar (Apache Parquet), and graph (Neo4j) storage based on query patterns.
- Design partitioning and indexing strategies for petabyte-scale web archives in distributed file systems.
- Implement ETL pipelines using Apache Spark or Flink for batch and stream processing of web data.
- Compress and serialize raw HTML using WARC format with deduplication for long-term storage.
- Set up data lineage tracking in workflow tools like Apache Airflow or Luigi.
- Optimize query performance on text-heavy datasets using inverted indexes and full-text search engines.
- Secure data at rest and in transit using encryption and role-based access controls.
- Monitor cluster utilization and job failures in large-scale processing environments.
Module 9: Real-Time Web Mining and Monitoring Systems
- Deploy change detection systems using perceptual hashing or DOM diffing to monitor web page updates.
- Build alerting pipelines for price changes, product availability, or regulatory content updates.
- Use message queues like Kafka to buffer and distribute real-time crawl events.
- Implement stream processing topologies to filter, enrich, and aggregate incoming web data.
- Design SLA-driven refresh cycles for high-priority data sources (e.g., financial news).
- Integrate external event triggers (e.g., news APIs, social trends) to initiate targeted crawls.
- Optimize resource allocation for continuous monitoring under constrained budgets.
- Validate data consistency across distributed real-time and batch processing layers.