This curriculum spans the technical and operational breadth of a multi-phase cloud migration program, comparable to the planning and execution rigor seen in enterprise advisory engagements and internal cloud centers of excellence.
Module 1: Strategic Assessment and Readiness Evaluation
- Conduct workload dependency mapping to identify tightly coupled systems that may require refactoring before migration.
- Classify applications using the Gartner five-quadrant model (rehost, refactor, rearchitect, rebuild, replace) based on technical debt and business criticality.
- Perform TCO modeling that includes hidden costs such as egress fees, long-term data retention, and cross-AZ traffic.
- Define exit criteria for on-premises decommissioning, including data archival compliance and access continuity.
- Engage legal and compliance teams to assess data sovereignty implications for workloads moving across geographic regions.
- Establish baseline performance metrics for critical applications to measure post-migration performance deltas.
Module 2: Cloud Architecture Design and Pattern Selection
- Select between monolithic lift-and-shift and microservices decomposition based on team DevOps maturity and release cycle demands.
- Design multi-tier architectures with separation of compute, storage, and database layers using native cloud services (e.g., S3, RDS, EC2).
- Implement immutable infrastructure patterns using AMI baking and infrastructure-as-code pipelines to reduce configuration drift.
- Choose between serverless (Lambda) and containerized (EKS/Fargate) deployment models based on burst load predictability and cold start tolerance.
- Integrate hybrid connectivity patterns (Direct Connect, ExpressRoute) for applications requiring low-latency access to on-premises data.
- Define autoscaling policies that balance cost (spot instances) with availability (reserved capacity) for stateful workloads.
Module 3: Data Migration and Storage Strategy
- Develop a phased data cut-over plan using AWS DMS or Azure Data Factory with transactional consistency checks at each stage.
- Implement tiered storage policies using lifecycle rules to transition data from hot (SSD) to cold (Glacier) storage automatically.
- Encrypt data at rest and in transit using customer-managed keys (CMKs) and enforce key rotation policies via KMS.
- Validate referential integrity after database migration, especially when schema changes are introduced during transformation.
- Address large-scale unstructured data migration using parallel transfer tools (e.g., rsync with parallel streams, AzCopy sync).
- Design cross-region replication for critical databases considering RPO/RTO requirements and replication lag tolerance.
Module 4: Identity, Access, and Security Governance
- Implement least-privilege IAM roles using attribute-based access control (ABAC) instead of broad wildcard permissions.
- Integrate on-premises Active Directory with cloud identity providers using federation (SAML/OIDC) and conditional access policies.
- Enforce MFA for all privileged roles and automate deprovisioning through identity lifecycle workflows.
- Deploy centralized logging of IAM activity to detect privilege escalation attempts using CloudTrail and SIEM integration.
- Standardize tagging policies for resources to enable access control, cost allocation, and security segmentation.
- Conduct quarterly access reviews for cross-account roles, especially in multi-tenant environments with shared services.
Module 5: Network Architecture and Connectivity
- Design VPC peering or transit gateway architectures to support inter-VPC communication while avoiding transitive routing limitations.
- Implement DNS resolution strategies (Route 53, private hosted zones) for hybrid environments with split-view requirements.
- Configure security groups and NACLs to enforce zero-trust segmentation between application tiers and data layers.
- Size and provision Direct Connect circuits based on peak data transfer needs, including burst allowances for migration windows.
- Deploy Web Application Firewalls (WAF) in front of public endpoints and integrate with DDoS protection services.
- Optimize content delivery using CDN configurations with origin failover and cache invalidation strategies.
Module 6: Automation, CI/CD, and DevOps Integration
- Standardize infrastructure provisioning using Terraform or CloudFormation with version-controlled modules and state management.
- Integrate security scanning (Snyk, Checkov) into CI/CD pipelines to enforce policy-as-code before deployment.
- Implement blue-green or canary deployments using Route 53 weighted routing or service mesh (App Mesh, Istio).
- Design rollback mechanisms that include both application and infrastructure state reversion using pipeline triggers.
- Manage configuration drift by enforcing immutable deployment artifacts and prohibiting direct console changes.
- Orchestrate migration waves using pipeline gates that require approval from operations and security teams.
Module 7: Monitoring, Observability, and Incident Response
- Deploy distributed tracing (X-Ray, Cloud Trace) for microservices to identify latency bottlenecks across service boundaries.
- Configure centralized logging with structured ingestion (Fluent Bit, CloudWatch Logs) and retention policies aligned with compliance.
- Define custom metrics and dashboards that reflect business KPIs, not just infrastructure health.
- Set dynamic alerting thresholds using anomaly detection instead of static values to reduce false positives.
- Integrate incident response workflows with ticketing systems (ServiceNow, Jira) and on-call rotation tools (PagerDuty).
- Conduct post-mortems for migration-related outages with action items tracked in a public log to ensure accountability.
Module 8: Cost Management and Optimization
- Implement chargeback/showback models using cost allocation tags to assign cloud spend to business units.
- Right-size compute instances based on actual utilization data from monitoring tools, not vendor recommendations.
- Negotiate reserved instance commitments only after analyzing 90-day usage patterns to avoid stranded capacity.
- Automate shutdown schedules for non-production environments using scheduled Lambda functions or Cloud Scheduler.
- Monitor orphaned resources (dangling EBS volumes, unattached IPs) using automated cleanup scripts with approval workflows.
- Compare pricing across regions and providers for data-intensive workloads, factoring in network egress and support SLAs.