This curriculum spans the technical and procedural rigor of a multi-phase automotive cybersecurity integration program, comparable to the coordinated efforts seen in OEM-wide CSMS deployments, from secure development and threat modeling to fleet-scale incident response and regulatory alignment.
Module 1: Threat Modeling and Risk Assessment in Vehicle Systems
- Conducting STRIDE-based threat modeling on ECU communication interfaces to identify spoofing and tampering risks in CAN and Ethernet domains.
- Selecting appropriate risk scoring methodologies (e.g., CVSS for automotive) to prioritize vulnerabilities across mixed legacy and modern vehicle architectures.
- Integrating threat intelligence feeds from OEM-specific ISACs into internal risk dashboards for real-time exposure tracking.
- Defining asset criticality for ECUs based on safety impact (ISO 21435 alignment) and attack surface exposure.
- Documenting attacker capability assumptions (e.g., physical access vs. remote) when scoping threat scenarios for telematics units.
- Establishing review cycles for threat models synchronized with vehicle platform development milestones (e.g., GD3, GD5).
Module 2: Secure Communication Protocols and In-Vehicle Networks
- Implementing TLS 1.3 with certificate pinning for secure OTA update channels between backend servers and gateway ECUs.
- Configuring and managing symmetric key distribution for SecOC in AUTOSAR-based ECUs across high-volume production lines.
- Segmenting Ethernet domains using AVB/TSN policies to isolate safety-critical ADAS traffic from infotainment systems.
- Deploying intrusion detection on CAN FD networks using message frequency and timing anomaly baselines.
- Evaluating trade-offs between certificate-based and PSK authentication for V2X communication in regulatory-compliant deployments.
- Hardening diagnostic over IP (DoIP) endpoints by disabling unused services and enforcing firewall rules at the central gateway.
Module 4: Over-the-Air (OTA) Update Security and Lifecycle Management
- Designing dual-bank ECU firmware partitions with rollback protection to prevent downgrade attacks during OTA updates.
- Implementing signed manifest validation at the vehicle gateway before distributing update packages to domain controllers.
- Establishing update quarantine procedures for ECUs that fail post-installation integrity checks.
- Integrating OTA update logs with SIEM systems to detect coordinated update interference across vehicle fleets.
- Managing key rotation for OTA signing certificates across multiple geographic regions with overlapping vehicle lifecycles.
- Defining fallback mechanisms for partial update failures without compromising vehicle drivability.
Module 5: Supply Chain and Third-Party Component Governance
- Enforcing SBOM (Software Bill of Materials) requirements for Tier 1 suppliers using SPDX format and automated validation tools.
- Conducting security assessments of third-party SDKs used in infotainment systems, focusing on permission misuse and data leakage.
- Managing cryptographic key access for joint components (e.g., telematics control units) co-developed with suppliers.
- Requiring ISO/SAE 21434 compliance evidence from suppliers during contract negotiation and audit cycles.
- Implementing secure firmware flashing procedures at contract manufacturing sites to prevent pre-deployment tampering.
- Establishing incident escalation paths with suppliers for coordinated vulnerability disclosure and patch deployment.
Module 6: Intrusion Detection and Incident Response in Vehicle Fleets
- Deploying signature and behavioral IDS rules on central gateways to detect CAN bus flooding and diagnostic abuse.
- Configuring secure log forwarding from vehicle ECUs to backend SOAR platforms with bandwidth and privacy constraints.
- Developing fleet-wide correlation rules to identify coordinated attacks across geographically distributed vehicles.
- Implementing remote vehicle isolation procedures (e.g., disabling telematics) via secure command channels during active incidents.
- Validating IDS false positive rates under real-world driving conditions before fleet-wide rule deployment.
- Integrating vehicle event data with enterprise IR playbooks to automate initial triage and escalation workflows.
Module 7: Compliance and Certification Alignment
- Mapping internal cybersecurity controls to UN R155 attack scenarios and audit requirements for type approval.
- Documenting CSMS (Cybersecurity Management System) processes for audit trails, change management, and role-based access.
- Preparing evidence packages for notified body assessments, including risk registers and test reports from penetration tests.
- Aligning vulnerability disclosure policies with regional regulations (e.g., NHTSA guidelines, EU CSM) and OEM public commitments.
- Updating compliance documentation in response to field incidents or newly published attack techniques (e.g., CAN injection tools).
- Coordinating cross-functional reviews between legal, engineering, and compliance teams before submitting audit deliverables.
Module 3: ECU Hardening and Secure Development Practices
- Disabling debug interfaces (e.g., JTAG) in production ECUs and implementing secure boot with hardware-anchored root of trust.
- Applying memory protection units (MPUs) to isolate critical tasks in AUTOSAR OS configurations.
- Enforcing input validation and bounds checking in C code for ECUs handling untrusted data from external networks.
- Integrating static application security testing (SAST) into CI/CD pipelines for ECU software builds.
- Managing cryptographic key storage using hardware security modules (HSMs) or secure elements with anti-tamper features.
- Conducting red team assessments on ECU firmware to validate resistance against side-channel and fault injection attacks.